Improving sleep hygiene is a straightforward way to make it more likely that you get the sleep that you need every night. Studies have consistently found lack of sleep to be tied to reduced quantity and quality of life. Over the long-term, lack of sleep has been tied to a wide range of health problems, including weight gain and obesity, diabetes, heart disease and other cardiovascular problems, depression and anxiety, pain, and hormonal abnormalities. Lack of sleep can also hinder physical performance and impair your immune system, putting you at a higher risk of infections. As a result, you may suffer lower academic achievement or reduced work productivity. It can drag down your thinking by worsening your memory, decision-making, and problem-solving abilities. Sleep deprivation is associated with irritability and mood problems. Even if you don’t actually fall asleep, your reaction time is worsened, which can increase the risk of accidents.
You may doze off unexpectedly, which can be especially risky if you’re driving. You may have excessive daytime sleepiness that makes it hard to focus. Immediately following a night of poor sleep, you are more likely to lack energy during the day. The impacts of sleep deprivation can be felt in both the short and long term, and they include effects on physical, emotional, and cognitive health. Without the proper balance of NREM and REM, you will not get the rest that you need, which can lead to widespread repercussions for your health and well-being.
When you don’t get enough sleep, you don’t properly progress through these sleep cycles. Researchers believe the combination of NREM and REM over the course of the night is what enables you to wake up refreshed both physically and mentally. In later sleep cycles, we experience more REM sleep. In the earlier sleep cycles of the night, more time is spent in NREM sleep. The most intense dreaming happens during REM sleep, which empowers memory and complex thinking when you’re awake. In this stage, most of your body is temporarily paralyzed, but brain activity dramatically increases and your eyes rapidly move behind closed lids. The fourth stage of sleep is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Stage 3 is deep sleep, which is believed to be vital for both physical and mental recuperation. Stages 1 and 2 are lighter sleep, with the body and mind beginning to relax and slow down. The first three stages of the sleep cycle are collectively known as non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM). On a typical night, you cycle through all four sleep stages in order several times. Getting enough sleep each night allows your mind and body to capture sleep’s restorative benefits and avoid the consequences of sleep deprivation.įrom an outside perspective, all sleep may look the same, but in reality, it involves complex processes with four distinct stages that make up a sleep cycle. Sleep is critical for nearly every system of the body. A doctor is in the best position to make a detailed sleep recommendation for any individual based on their unique situation. Sleep recommendations provide an overview of how much sleep most people need, but the exact amount of sleep a specific person should get can depend on other factors, such as their overall health.
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